Buffalo Bills safety Damar Hamlin suffered a cardiac arrest after making a tackle during Monday night鈥檚 game, causing the NFL to suspend a pivotal game against the Cincinnati Bengals that quickly lost significance in the aftermath of a scary scene that unfolded in front of a national television audience.
鈥淒amar Hamlin suffered a cardiac arrest following a hit in our game versus the Bengals. His heartbeat was restored on the field and he was transferred to the UC Medical Center for further testing and treatment,鈥 the Bills said in a statement released early Tuesday. 鈥淗e is currently sedated and listed in critical condition.鈥
The 24-year-old Hamlin was administered CPR on the field. Teammates surrounded Hamlin, shielding him from public view. Many were weeping and praying while Hamlin was treated on the field by team and independent medical personnel and local paramedics. He was taken by ambulance to University of Cincinnati Medical Center. Teammate Stefon Diggs later went to visit Hamlin at the hospital while fans of both teams gathered outside, holding lit candles and praying.
WHAT HAPPENED TO HAMLIN?
Hamlin was hurt while tackling Bengals receiver Tee Higgins on a seemingly routine play that didn鈥檛 appear unusually violent.
Higgins was running with the ball on a 13-yard pass from Joe Burrow when he led with his right shoulder, hitting Hamlin in the chest. Hamlin then wrapped his arms around Higgins鈥 shoulders and helmet to drag him down. Hamlin quickly got to his feet, appeared to adjust his face mask with his right hand, and then fell backward about three seconds later and lay motionless.
Hamlin was down for 19 minutes while receiving medical attention. WXIX-TV in Cincinnati reported that Hamlin required an automated external defibrillator (AED) in addition to CPR on the field.
WHAT COULD HAVE CAUSED HAMLIN'S CARDIAC ARREST?
Cardiac specialists say it鈥檚 too soon to know what caused Hamlin's heart to stop, but a rare type of trauma called commotio cordis is among the possible culprits. Commotio cordis occurs when a severe blow to the chest causes the heartbeat to quiver, leading to sudden cardiac arrest.
The condition only happens during a rare set of circumstances: when a sharp hit lands directly over the heart 鈥渁t the exact wrong location at the exact wrong timing鈥 during the heart鈥檚 rhythm cycle, said Dr. Rod Passman, director of the center for arrythmia research at Northwestern University鈥檚 Feinberg School of Medicine.
Commotio cordis occurs 鈥減robably 20 times a year,鈥欌 and about 60% of those affected survive, said heart rhythm specialist Dr. Mark Link of UT Southwestern Medical Center. The main worry for survivors is brain damage from lack of oxygen when the heart stops pumping blood, Link said. Doctors can help reduce that risk with deep sedation to give the brain a rest, he said.
Dr. Aman Chugh, a University of Michigan cardiology professor, noted that hard-hitting tackles are extremely common in football and that commotio cordis is extremely rare. It could be that Hamlin had a pre-existing heart condition that caused his heart to stop, although that is speculative, Chugh said.
In general, underlying heart disease is the most common cause of sudden cardiac arrest, said Dr. Mariell Jessup, the American Heart Association鈥檚 chief medical officer.
鈥淚t is not uncommon to find out that very vigorous athletes have undiagnosed cardiac conditions even if they鈥檙e young players,鈥 she said.
More than 365,000 people in the U.S. have sudden cardiac arrests in non-hospital settings each year, according to the American Heart Association. Survival depends on quick CPR and shocking the heart back into a normal rhythm, as reportedly happened with Hamlin.
鈥淭he teachable moment is learn CPR,鈥欌 Jessup said.
Hamlin鈥檚 medical history has not been made public.
WHAT TOOK SO LONG TO POSTPONE THE GAME?
It took the NFL about one hour after Hamlin collapsed to officially suspend the game because league executives were gathering information and communicating with referee Shawn Smith, coaches from both teams and the NFL Players Association.
Troy Vincent, the league鈥檚 executive vice president of football operations, said that the NFL鈥檚 Emergency Action Plan was activated. Vincent communicated with NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell and NFL Players Association executive director DeMaurice Smith. Dawn Aponte, the league鈥檚 chief football administrative officer, was at the game and communicated with Bills coach Sean McDermott and Bengals coach Zac Taylor and the referee.
鈥淚t was fluid and things were changing by the minute,鈥 Vincent said. 鈥淚t was obvious on the phone that the emotions were extremely high. It was a very volatile situation.鈥
Vincent refuted ESPN鈥檚 broadcast report that both teams were given a five-minute warmup period to resume playing.
鈥淚鈥檓 not sure where that came from,鈥 Vincent said. 鈥淚t never crossed our mind to talk about warming up to resume play. That鈥檚 ridiculous. That鈥檚 insensitive. That鈥檚 not a place we should ever be in.鈥
WHO IS HAMLIN?
Hamlin spent five years of college at Pittsburgh 鈥 his hometown 鈥 and appeared in 48 games for the Panthers over that span. He was a second-team All-ACC performer as a senior, was voted a team captain and was picked to play in the Senior Bowl.
Drafted in the sixth round by the Bills in 2021, Hamlin played in 14 games as a rookie and then became a starter this season after Micah Hyde was injured.
In 2020, Hamlin began organizing an annual Christmas toy drive in his hometown of McKees Rocks, Pa. By early Tuesday, a community toy drive organized by Hamlin had surged to more than $3.1 million in donations. His stated goal was $2,500.
Bills offensive lineman Rodger Saffold, in a post on Twitter, described Hamlin as a 鈥渒ind, caring, extremely hard worker.鈥 Saffold wrote that Hamlin is 鈥渓oyal, honest and can always put a smile on your face. He is more than an athlete, he is a son and brother.鈥
WHAT鈥橲 NEXT FOR THE NFL?
The Bills-Bengals game was postponed indefinitely, and the that it will not be resumed this week despite major playoff implications.
Both teams are battling for the AFC鈥檚 No. 1 seed. The Bills (12-3) entered the game in the top spot while the Bengals (11-4) had a chance to clinch the AFC North with a victory and also were in the mix for the No. 1 seed along with Kansas City (13-3).
The Bengals led 7-3 in the first quarter when the game was stopped. The NFL has made no decision regarding a possible resumption at a later date.
The NFL is entering the final week of the regular season, and the playoffs are scheduled to begin Jan. 14.
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AP Medical Writer Lindsey Tanner contributed from Chicago.
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