MOSCOW (AP) 鈥 Russian arms dealer Viktor Bout, who returned home Thursday in a swap for WNBA star Brittney Griner, is widely known abroad as the 鈥淢erchant of Death鈥 who fueled some of the world鈥檚 worst conflicts.
In Russia, however, he's seen as a swashbuckling businessman who was unjustly imprisoned after an overly aggressive U.S. sting operation.
The 2005 Nicolas Cage movie 鈥淟ord of War鈥 was loosely based on Bout, a former Soviet air force officer who gained fame supposedly by supplying weapons for civil wars in South America, the Middle East and Africa. His clients were said to include Liberia鈥檚 Charles Taylor, longtime Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi and both sides in Angola鈥檚 civil war.
Russia's Foreign Ministry said in a statement the swap took place in Abu Dhabi, and Russian TV showed video of Bout in a private jet, getting his blood pressure checked and speaking with his family by phone. It later showed his arrival at Moscow's Vnukovo airport, with his wife and mother hugging him.
鈥淭hey simply woke me up and told me to gather my belongings,鈥 Bout said, referring to U.S. prison officials. 鈥淭hey didn鈥檛 provide any special information but I understood the situation that was unfolding.鈥
Bout鈥檚 mother, Raisa, thanked President Vladimir Putin and the Foreign Ministry for freeing her son, Tass reported.
Russia had pressed for Bout鈥檚 release for years and as speculation grew about such a deal, the upper house of parliament opened a display of paintings he made in prison 鈥 whose subjects ranged from Soviet dictator Josef Stalin to a kitten.
The show of his art underlined Bout鈥檚 complexities. Though in a bloody business, the 55-year-old was a vegetarian and classical music fan who is said to speak six languages.
Even the former federal judge who sentenced him in 2011 thought his 11 years behind bars was adequate punishment.
鈥淗e鈥檚 done enough time for what he did in this case,鈥 Shira A. Scheindlin told The Associated Press in July as prospects for his release appeared to rise.
Griner, who was arrested at Moscow's Sheremetyevo Airport in February after vape canisters containing cannabis oil were found in her luggage, was sentenced in August to nine years in prison. Washington protested her sentence as disproportionate, and some observers suggested that trading an arms merchant for someone jailed for a small amount of drugs would be a poor deal.
Bout was convicted in 2011 on terrorism charges. Prosecutors said he was ready to sell up to $20 million in weapons, including surface-to-air missiles to shoot down U.S. helicopters. When they made the claim at his 2012 sentencing, Bout shouted: 鈥淚t鈥檚 a lie!鈥
Bout has steadfastly proclaimed his innocence, describing himself as a legitimate businessman who didn鈥檛 sell weapons.
Bout鈥檚 case fit well into Moscow鈥檚 narrative that Washington sought to trap and oppress innocent Russians on flimsy grounds.
鈥淔rom the resonant Bout case, a real 鈥榟unt鈥 by Americans for Russian citizens around the world has unfolded,鈥 the government newspaper Rossiiskaya Gazeta wrote last year.
Increasingly, Russia cited his case as a human rights issue. His wife and lawyer claimed his health deteriorated in the harsh prison environment where foreigners are not always eligible for breaks that Americans might receive.
Bout had not been scheduled to be released until 2029. He was held in a medium-security facility in Marion, Illinois.
鈥淗e got a hard deal,鈥 said Scheindlin, the retired judge, noting the U.S. sting operatives 鈥減ut words in his mouth鈥 so he鈥檇 say he was aware Americans could die from weapons he sold in order to require a terrorism enhancement that would force a long prison sentence, if not a life term.
Scheindlin gave Bout the mandatory minimum 25-year sentence but said she did so only because it was required.
At the time, his defense lawyer claimed the U.S. targeted Bout vindictively because it was embarrassed that his companies helped deliver goods to American military contractors involved in the war in Iraq.
The deliveries occurred despite United Nations sanctions imposed against Bout since 2001 because of his reputation as a notorious illegal arms dealer.
Prosecutors had urged Scheindlin to impose a life sentence, saying that if Bout was right to call himself nothing more than a businessman, 鈥渉e was a businessman of the most dangerous order.鈥
Bout was estimated to be worth about $6 billion in March 2008 when he was arrested in Bangkok, Thailand. U.S. authorities tricked him into leaving Russia for what he thought was a meeting over a business deal to ship what prosecutors described as 鈥渁 breathtaking arsenal of weapons 鈥 including hundreds of surface-to-air missiles, machine guns and sniper rifles 鈥 10 million rounds of ammunition and five tons of plastic explosives.鈥
He was taken into custody at a Bangkok luxury hotel after conversations with the Drug Enforcement Administration sting operation鈥檚 informants who posed as officials of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, also known as the FARC. The group had been classified by Washington as a narco-terrorist group.
He was brought to the U.S. in November 2010.
The 鈥淢erchant of Death鈥 moniker was attached to Bout by a high-ranking minister of Britain鈥檚 Foreign Office. The nickname was included in the U.S. government鈥檚 indictment of Bout.
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Associated Press writer Larry Neumeister in New York contributed.
