DUBAI, United Arab Emirates (AP) 鈥 The U.N. weather agency said Thursday that 2023 is all but certain to be the hottest year on record, and warning of worrying trends that suggest increasing floods, wildfires, glacier melt, and heat waves in the future.
The World Meteorological Organization also warned that the average temperature for the year is up some 1.4 degrees Celsius (2.5 degrees Fahrenheit) from pre-industrial times 鈥 a mere one-tenth of a degree under a target limit for the end of the century as laid out by the Paris climate accord in 2015.
The WMO secretary-general said the onset earlier this year of El Nino, the weather phenomenon marked by heating in the Pacific Ocean, could tip the average temperature next year over the 1.5-degree (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit) target cap set in Paris.
鈥淚t鈥檚 practically sure that during the coming four years we will hit this 1.5, at least on temporary basis,鈥 Petteri Taalas said in an interview. 鈥淎nd in the next decade we are more or less going to be there on a permanent basis.鈥
WMO issued the findings for Thursday鈥檚 start of the U.N.鈥檚 annual climate conference, this year being held in the oil-rich United Arab Emirates city of Dubai.
The U.N. agency said the benchmark of key Paris accord goal will be whether the 1.5-degree increase is sustained over a 30-year span 鈥 not just a single year 鈥 but others say the world needs more clarity on that.
鈥淐larity on breaching the Paris agreement guard rails will be crucial,鈥 said Richard Betts of Britain鈥檚 Met Office, the lead author of a new paper on the issue with University of Exeter published in the journal Nature.
鈥淲ithout an agreement on what actually will count as exceeding 1.5 degrees Celsius, we risk distraction and confusion at precisely the time when action to avoid the worst effects of climate change becomes even more urgent," he added.
WMO鈥檚 Taalas said that whatever the case, the world appears on course to blow well past that figure anyway.
鈥淲e are heading towards 2.5 to 3 degrees warming and that would mean that we would see massively more negative impacts of climate change,鈥 Taalas said, pointing to glacier loss and sea level rise over 鈥渢he coming thousands of years.鈥
The nine years 2015 to 2023 were the warmest on record, WMO said. Its findings for this year run through October, but it says the last two months are not likely to be enough to keep 2023 from being a record-hot year.
Still, there are 鈥渟ome signs of hope鈥 鈥 including a turn toward renewable energies and more electric cars, which help reduce the amount of carbon that is spewed into the atmosphere, trapping heat inside,鈥 Taalas said.
His message for attendee at the U.N climate conference, known as COP28?
鈥淲e have to reduce our consumption of coal, oil and natural gas dramatically to be able to limit the warming to the Paris limits,鈥 he said. 鈥淟uckily, things are happening. But still, we in the Western countries, in the rich countries, we are still consuming oil, a little bit less coal than in the past, and still natural gas.鈥
鈥淩eduction of fossil fuel consumption -- that鈥檚 the key to success.鈥
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