TOKYO (AP) 鈥 Prime Minister Fumio Kishida said Monday that Japan faces the severest security environment in the region since the end of World War II and pledged to push a military buildup under a newly adopted security strategy, as well as tackle rapidly declining births so the country can sustain national strength.
Kishida鈥檚 government in December , including a counterstrike capability that breaks from the country鈥檚 exclusively self-defense-only postwar principle.
Japan says the current deployment of missile interceptors is insufficient to defend it from rapid weapons advancement in China and North Korea.
In his policy speech opening this year鈥檚 parliamentary session, Kishida said active diplomacy should be prioritized, but it requires "defense power to back it up.鈥 He said Japan's new security strategy is based on a realistic simulation 鈥渁s we face the most severe and complex security environment since the end of World War II and a question if we can protect the people鈥檚 lives in an emergency.鈥
The strategy seeks to keep in check China鈥檚 increasingly assertive territorial ambitions, but it's also a sensitive issue for many countries in Asia that were victims of Japanese wartime aggression. Kishida said it's a 鈥渄rastic turnaround鈥 of , but still remains within the limitations of its pacifist constitution and international law.
鈥淚 make it clear that there will not be even a slightest change from Japan's non-nuclear and self-defense-only principles and our footsteps as a peace-loving country," Kishida said.
This month, to explain and further develop defense ties with its ally the United States.
While the security strategy said China presents 鈥渁n unprecedented and the greatest strategic challenge鈥 to the peace and security of Japan and the region, Kishida said he hoped to maintain dialogue with China, including with its leader Xi Jinping, to found 鈥渃onstructive and stable relations.鈥
Japan plans to nearly double its defense budget within five years to 43 trillion yen ($332 billion) and improve cyberspace and intelligence capabilities. While three-quarters of an annual defense budget increase can be squeezed out through spending and fiscal reforms, the remainder needs to come from a possible tax increase, and Kishida has already faced growing criticism from opposition lawmakers and even from his governing party.
Kishida also faces a critical question of population growth.
鈥淲e cannot waste any time on the policies for children and childrearing support,鈥 he said. 鈥淲e must establish a children-first economic society and turn around the birthrate.鈥
Japan鈥檚 population of more than 125 million has been declining for 14 years and is projected to fall to 86.7 million by 2060. A shrinking and aging population has huge implications for the economy and national security.
Kishida pledged to bolster financial support for families with children, including more scholarships, and said he would compile a set of measures of 鈥渄ifferent dimensions.鈥
So far, efforts to encourage people to have more babies have had limited impact despite subsidies for pregnancy, childbirth and child care. Some experts say government subsidies still tend to target parents who already have children rather than removing difficulties that are discouraging young people from starting families.
Opposition lawmakers questioned how Kishida's government will manage hefty spending on key policies.
Katsuya Okada, secretary general of the main opposition Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan, said it is 鈥渨rong鈥 that only defense spending has been predetermined, even when huge spending for measures to address low births and elderly care is expected.
鈥淚t is important to think about an appropriate balance of the economy in the mid- to longer term. There must be proper discussion about how much should be spent for what," he said.
Japan is the world鈥檚 third-biggest economy but living costs are high and wage increases have been slow. The conservative government has lagged behind on making society more inclusive for children, women and minorities.
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